Facilities for creating and managing descriptions of information sources, citations and reference lists

When publishing the results of research or theoretical considerations, it is inevitable for the author of a scientific work to refer to the work or texts of other scientists and to demonstrate his or her relationship to them. It is important to do this honestly and ethically. Bibliographical references to sources must be provided to avoid plagiarism. The use of in-text citations makes it possible to identify the source cited. Information from sources can be used in several ways:

• A quotation is a relatively short passage from another work, intended to prove or make intelligible the author’s own statements or to refer to the other author’s views or ideas as expressed in the original. The exact words of the author are given. A quotation is enclosed in quotation marks (“…”).
• Paraphrasing – the thoughts of other authors retold in one’s own words, without distorting the author’s thought Paraphrasing is necessary to distinguish the other author’s thoughts from one’s own comments, and to use a variety of phrases, e.g. in the view of a scientist…, according to …, as argued by…, as stated by …, according to…, and others.

All sources cited, analysed and summarised in the research paper should be acknowledged in the text (references) and in the list of references (bibliographic descriptions of sources). All and only those sources mentioned in the text must be described in the text and only those sources included in the reference list must be mentioned in the text.

• The College uses the APA (American Psychological Association) citation standard for citing and listing information sources. Examples of APA-style books and articles, Examples of images, online sources and social networks.
• The citation of sources shall include the basic elements of the bibliographic description: author; title, subtitle; edition details; volume; international standard number.
• Examples of how to copy a bibliographic description in a simple way, using the SCDK Virtual Library, databases, Google Scholar; how to create and manage sources and descriptions in Microsoft Word.
• For bibliographic lists and citations, it is recommended to use the open access information management tools Zotero (manual) and Mendeley.
• Other popular citation styles include: the LST ISO 690:2010 standard, which is an international standard approved in Lithuania and recommended to be followed unless otherwise specified; the Harvard style, which is unique in that it does not use numbering, either in the body of the text or in the list of references.

More information on Effective use of electronic scholarly information resources: eMoDB.LT national project training material for researchers and students[interaktyvus] 2019. Open access: https://open.ktu.edu/mod/book/view.php?id=1155&chapterid=647